1.chii chinonzi shuga muropa?
Glucose yeropa, inonziwo shuga yeropa, huwandu hweglucose muropa rako.Iyi glucose inobva pane zvaunodya nekunwa uye muviri unoburitsawo glucose yakachengetwa kubva pachiropa chako nemamhasuru.
2.Blood glucose level
Iyo glycemia, inozivikanwawo seyero yeshuga yeropa,shuga yeropa, kana chiyero cheshuga yeropa ndiyo chiyero cheglucose chakaiswa muropa revanhu kana dzimwe mhuka.Anenge magiramu mana eglucose, shuga iri nyore, iripo muropa re70 kg (154 lb) yemunhu nguva dzese.Muviri unogadzirisa zvakasimba mazinga eglucose yeropa sechikamu che metabolic homeostasis.Glucose inochengetwa muskeletal muscle uye masero echiropa nenzira yeglycogen;muvanhu vanotsanya, shuga yeropa inochengetwa pachiyero chinogara chiripo pamutengo wezvitoro zveglycogen muchiropa uye tsandanyama.
Muvanhu, mwero weglucose weropa we 4 gramu, kana nezve teaspoon, yakakosha pakuita basa rakajairwa mune akati wandei matishu, uye uropi hwemunhu hunodya ingangoita 60% yeglucose yeropa mukutsanya, vanhu vanogara.Kuramba kuchikwira muropa reglucose kunotungamirira kuhuturu hweglucose, iyo inobatsira mukusashanda kwesero uye chirwere chinosanganiswa pamwe chete sematambudziko echirwere cheshuga.Glucose inogona kutakurwa kubva mumatumbo kana chiropa kuenda kune mamwe matukisi ari mumuviri kuburikidza neropa.Kutorwa kweseru glucose kunonyanya kugadziriswa ne insulin, hormone inogadzirwa mupancreas.
Glucose mazinga anowanzo kuderera mangwanani, vasati vadya kwekutanga kwezuva, uye anomuka mushure mekudya kweawa imwe kana maviri nemamillimoles mashoma.Mwero yeshuga yeropa kunze kwehuwandu hwemazuva ose inogona kuva chiratidzo chehutano hwehutano.Chiyero chinoramba chakakwirira chinonzi hyperglycemia;mazinga akaderera anonzihypoglycemia.Chirwere cheshuga chinoratidzwa ne hyperglycemia inoramba iripo kubva kune chero chezvikonzero zvakawanda, uye ndicho chirwere chinonyanya kuzivikanwa chine chokuita nekukundikana kwekugadzirisa shuga yeropa.
3.Mazinga eshuga yeropa mukuongorora chirwere cheshuga
Kunzwisisa mazinga eglucose eropa anogona kuve chikamu chakakosha chechirwere cheshuga kuzvitonga.
Iri peji rinoti 'zvakajairika' mazinga eshuga uye shuga yeropa yevakuru nevana vane Type 1 chirwere cheshuga, Type 2 chirwere cheshuga uye shuga yeropa kuona vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga.
Kana munhu ane chirwere cheshuga aine meter, test strips uye ari kuyedza, zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti huwandu hweglucose muropa hunorevei.
Inokurudzirwa mazinga eglucose eropa ane dhigirii rekududzira kune wese munhu uye iwe unofanirwa kukurukura izvi neboka rako rehutano.
Mukuwedzera, vakadzi vanogona kuiswa chinangwa cheshuga yeropa panguva yekuzvitakura.
Mitsara inotevera nhungamiro inopiwa neNational Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) asi chinangwa chemunhu mumwe nemumwe chinofanirwa kubvumirana nachiremba wavo kana chiremba weshuga.
4.Normal uye chirwere cheshuga shuga yeropa
Kune ruzhinji rwevanhu vane hutano, mazinga ehuga eropa ndeaya anotevera:
Pakati pe4.0 kusvika 5.4 mmol/L (72 kusvika 99 mg/dL) pakutsanya [361]
Kusvikira ku7.8 mmol/L (140 mg/dL) maawa maviri mushure mekudya
Kune vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga, zvinangwa zveshuga yeropa ndezvizvi:
Vasati vadya: 4 kusvika 7 mmol / L kune vanhu vane Type 1 kana Type 2 chirwere cheshuga
Mushure mekudya: pasi pe9 mmol / L kune vanhu vane Type 1 chirwere cheshuga uye pasi pe8.5mmol / L kune vanhu vane Type 2 chirwere cheshuga.
5.Nzira dzekuongorora chirwere cheshuga
Random plasma glucose bvunzo
Sample yeropa yekusarongeka plasma glucose bvunzo inogona kutorwa chero nguva.Izvi hazvidi kurongeka kwakawanda uye nekudaro zvinoshandiswa mukuongororwa kwechirwere cheshuga 1 kana nguva iri yezvakakosha.
Kutsanya plasma glucose bvunzo
Kutsanya plasma glucose test inotorwa mushure memaawa masere ekutsanya uye saka inowanzotorwa mangwanani.
Iyo NICE nhungamiro inotarisa kutsanya kweplasma glucose mhedzisiro ye5.5 kusvika 6.9 mmol / l sekuisa munhu panjodzi huru yekuva nechirwere cheshuga 2, kunyanya kana ichiperekedzwa nedzimwe njodzi dzerudzi rwechipiri chirwere cheshuga.
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
Oral glucose tolerance test inosanganisira kutanga kutora sampuli yekutsanya yeropa uyezve kutora chinwiwa chinotapira kwazvo chine 75g yeglucose.
Mushure mekunwa chinwiwa ichi unofanirwa kugara wakazorora kusvika imwe sampu yeropa yatorwa mushure memaawa maviri.
HbA1c kuongororwa kwechirwere cheshuga
Muedzo weHbA1c hauyere zvakananga mwero weglucose yeropa, zvisinei, mhedzisiro yebvunzo inokonzereswa nekukwira kana kuderera kwemazinga ako eglucose muropa kwenguva yakareba kwemwedzi miviri kusvika ku3.
Zviratidzo zvechirwere cheshuga kana prediabetes zvinopihwa pasi pemamiriro anotevera:
Zvakajairika: Pasi pe42 mmol / mol (6.0%)
Prediabetes: 42 kusvika 47 mmol / mol (6.0 kusvika 6.4%)
Chirwere cheshuga: 48 mmol / mol (6.5% kana kupfuura)
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-19-2022